• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Method and device for setting one or more measuring points (13) on a sample (5r) in a sample holder (4r) for an automated hardness test in a hardness tester (1), wherein the hardness tester (1) comprises a table (2), a tool holder ( 3) with at least one indenter (11) and at least one lens (12). The sample holder (4r) with the sample (5r) can be positioned on the table (2) in the x and y direction and the table (2) and / or the tool holder (3) of the hardness tester (1) is / are in Direction, relative to each other, displaceable. A virtual, three-dimensional model (9) of the sample holder (4v) with a sample (5v) arranged thereon is selected from an electronic data storage and the model (9) and / or an overview image of the sample (5v, 5r) is displayed on a screen (FIG. 7). Then, a point (P) is marked on the display on the screen (7) and one or more measuring point (s) (13) are automatically defined based on the selected measuring method, each measuring point (13) based on its x, y coordinates and of the virtual model (9) is automatically assigned the z-coordinate in the hardness tester (1).
    公开号:AT518859A4
    申请号:T50734/2016
    申请日:2016-08-12
    公开日:2018-02-15
    发明作者:Ing Hoell Robert
    申请人:Qness Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a method for determining one or more measuring points on at least one sample in a sample holder for an automated hardness test in a hardness tester, wherein the hardness tester a table, a tool holder with at least one indenter and at least one lens, and optionally an overview camera and a screen , wherein the sample holder is positionable on the table in the x- and y-direction and wherein the table and / or the tool holder of the hardness tester in the z-direction, relative to each other, are displaceable.
    In addition, the invention relates to a hardness tester.
    To program a known from the prior art hardness tester many individual steps must be set manually or many procedures are defined manually. For example, after clamping the sample into a sample holder and positioning this sample holder in the x and y directions, i. in the horizontal plane, on or with the table of the hardness tester, the height of the sample are scanned or measured, with different sensors can be used on the tool holder. An operator must initiate, monitor and / or perform this altitude determination operation in the z-direction. Following this, additional sensors on the tool holder or with one or more objectives must be used to focus the surface of the sample so that the sharpest possible image of the sample can be created. Again, the operator must actively intervene by determining at which position the camera-mounted camera will be positioned to capture the image. By the user to be made inputs to the hardness tester or connected to the hardness tester control much time is needed, especially because the operator in the
    Movement of the tool holder between two positions usually not the shortest and thus time-saving way travels, u.a. also because they must take care to avoid a collision between tool holder or tool and sample. This is especially true for measurements on samples having a z-directional, three-dimensional geometry.
    The invention is based on the object to provide a method of the type mentioned, which simplifies the setting of one or more measuring points on at least one sample. In particular, this should save time and, by minimizing the risk of a collision between the tool holder and the sample, prevent damage to the hardness tester and to samples.
    This object is achieved according to the invention with a method having the features of claim 1, with a hardness tester having the features of claim 15 and with a controller having the features of claim 16.
    A particular advantage of the invention lies in the fact that one or more virtual, three-dimensional models of one or more samples or one or more sample holders are stored in an electronic data memory connected to the hardness test device and provided for the method. It is, in contrast to known from the prior art, assigned each manually or computer assisted point, in particular each measurement point, in addition to an x and a y coordinate due to the provided three-dimensional model, a z-coordinate in the hardness tester. The tool holder of the hardness tester can be positioned automatically above and at a suitable distance from the sample with the objective (s), indentor (s) and possibly sensor (s) arranged thereon. The path the toolholder needs to travel for can be optimized, saving time and reducing the risk of collision between toolholder and probe
    Sample holder is excluded.
    The method according to the invention for specifying one or more measuring points is carried out, for example, as follows:
    In a first step, a virtual, three-dimensional model of a sample holder is selected from an electronic data store on which at least one virtual, three-dimensional model of a sample selected from the electronic data store is arranged so that a virtual, three-dimensional model of a sample holder with sample is provided. It is also conceivable that a ready-assembled model of a sample holder is provided with at least one sample from the electronic data storage. Theoretically, only one sample could be selected if no sample holder is required without departing from the scope of the invention.
    Before or after that, the sample holder equipped with at least one sample is positioned on the table of the hardness tester. This position can be fixed. However, it is equally conceivable that the position is read in by means of sensors or cameras and a suitable image recognition program, or that the position of sample holder and sample in the hardness tester is determined manually. In the event that no image, in particular no overview image and / or detail image, of the sample is created in the entire process because the one or more measurement points are only defined on the three-dimensional model or its representation on the screen, it does not matter when the sample holder with the
    Sample is placed on the table. In this special case, the sample holder with sample can also be placed at the table just before an automated hardness test is performed.
    In a preferred embodiment of the method, after the placement or positioning of the sample holder equipped with the sample with an overview image camera arranged on the hardness testing device, preferably in the region of the tool holder, an overview image can be taken. It would also be conceivable for a lens arranged on the tool holder, which optionally automatically focuses on the sample surface, to record a single overview image or a plurality of images, which are combined to form a single overview image.
    In a next process step, the model of the sample holder with the sample or the overview image is displayed or visualized on a screen. For the purposes of the invention, the display by other optical and electronic display means, such as projectors, is viewed as visualization on a screen.
    In an advantageous further development of the method, the representations of the virtual, three-dimensional model and the overview image can be superimposed. This additional possible function allows an optical check to determine if the correct model for the sample holder and / or the sample has been provided from the data store and / or if the location of the sample holder and / or sample on the table is correct. If necessary, the location of the sample on the table can then be corrected until it matches the location of the virtual model on the screen. Alternatively, it would also be conceivable to manually rotate or move the representation of the virtual model until a match is achieved. A correspondence can also be achieved automatically in a further development of the method by means of a digital recognition of the real sample and an automatic, digital correction of the representation of the virtual model by a controller.
    In a next method step according to the invention, a point on the representation of the model and / or the overview image is marked on the screen with the aid of a suitable electronic input means, such as a keyboard, a computer mouse or a touchscreen. As a further consequence of the method, this point is a reference, start, intermediate or end point for a plurality of measurement points (optionally a measurement series) or a reference or measurement point for a single measurement.
    In an alternative embodiment of the method, it would be conceivable to determine the position of the point in the x or y direction based on manually entered parameters. For the purposes of the invention, in such an embodiment, the controller automatically marks a point with the entered x and y coordinates.
    Before marking a point, the sample in the sample holder can be rotated manually and / or automatically (in which the sample holder is designed accordingly) in order to be able to determine one or more points or measuring points along a curved surface in the case of a sample, for example a rotating body ,
    Before, during or after the marking of the point, a method of measurement is assigned to the method according to the invention in a further step.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment of the method, the measuring method is selected manually from a, preferably stored in electronic data storage, measurement method list. It would be conceivable to provide standardized measurement methods, such as a single-point, series, CHD, SHD, or surface point measurement, or even non-standardized measurement methods for selection.
    In an alternative implementation, the assignment of the measurement method can also be done automatically, for example, by a measurement method is set in advance, or by only the execution of a single measurement method is possible, which is considered in the context of the invention as an automatic assignment of a measurement method.
    In a preferred embodiment of the method, in a further method step, an enlarged, real detail image of the section in which the point is arranged is recorded and prepared by means of a lens arranged on the tool holder with the aid of a camera. For this purpose, the tool holder with the objective, optionally after a lens change, can be automatically positioned above the point, whereby a collision of objective and sample holder with sample is prevented by the geometry of the sample holder with sample known from the virtual model. By calculating the z-coordinate of the measuring point calculated from the virtual model, the objective with known optical properties can automatically approach and / or focus on the point or measuring point, whereupon a camera assigned to the objective automatically takes a detail image. It is conceivable in this case to display the detail image on the screen above the model and / or the overview image, preferably in the region of the position of the point, optionally superimpose the overview image with the detail image.
    Particularly advantageous is an embodiment of the method, in which the detail image is used to manually correct the position of the point on the sample surface, which can optionally be further zoomed into the detail image. For correction, the point on the detail image of the sample can be shifted, for example, in the x and / or y direction. It is also conceivable to use different digital tools, such as automatic marginal edge detection, for correcting the position of the point in the detail image.
    In order to set the point, in an alternative implementation of the method, in particular if an overview picture and / or detail picture is dispensed with, only the representation of the model can be zoomed in. Due to possible inaccuracies in the placement of the sample holder, however, the position of the point only with the aid of the virtual model usually has at most an accuracy of +/- 0.2 mm.
    In a next method step according to the invention, one measuring point or several measuring points are automatically defined. Due to the assigned measuring method and the position or position of the marked and optionally position corrected point, the measuring point or measuring points becomes (x) and y coordinates (n) and in connection with the three-dimensional model also known or derivable assigned z-coordinate (s) in the hardness tester.
    Depending on the method of measurement assigned, the point can be a reference point or starting point from which one or more measuring points are defined at a fixed distance and in a defined direction. It can thus be automatically defined a series of measurements. The point can also be a single measuring point itself or one of several measuring points, which can be combined to form a series of measurements. The required parameters for distance / distances and directions / directions are defined either automatically or manually, for example during the manual assignment of the measuring method.
    In a further step of the method according to the invention, the x, y and z coordinates of each defined measuring point are stored in the electronic data memory. In this case, as storage in the sense of the invention, both a temporary storage of the coordinates in, for example, a working memory and a permanent storage in a long-term storage, e.g. a hard disk or SD card.
    In a further development of the method according to the invention, certain method steps, such as displaying, assigning a measuring method, marking a point, defining measuring points and storing the coordinates of measuring points, as well as method steps occurring therebetween, can be repeated as often as desired. The measuring points thus defined can be stored in the electronic data memory and several measuring points can be automatically or manually linked to a series of measurements if necessary.
    Before specifying a further point, the sample can be rotated manually and / or automatically (if necessary again) in the sample holder.
    As a result, according to the invention, an impression can be automatically generated at each fixed measuring point by means of an indenter arranged on the tool holder, whereby a number of indentations is produced which corresponds to the number of measuring points.
    At several measuring points, the indenter can be positioned automatically and in optimized order on the shortest path in sequence at the measuring points and create impressions. With this optimized motion, the risk of a tool or tool holder collision with the sample or specimen holder can be automatically eliminated because the geometry of the specimen holder is known with the sample on one side and the tool holder with the tools on the other side.
    For the purposes of the invention, it is conceivable that the impressions are generated at the measuring points with different indenters, wherein the indenters can produce different forms of impressions. As indenters, it is possible to use all possible indenters known in particular for standardized measuring methods, such as, for example, a Vickers pyramid, a Knoop pyramid, a Brinell ball or other indenters, depending on the requirements or measuring method to be performed.
    The measurement of the impressions can be carried out in the invention subsequently directly after the generation of the impressions or at a later time. This is preferably done fully automatically by the computer-aided control, but can also be carried out manually supported on a screen, the approach of the measuring points can also be computer-assisted optimized again.
    An inventive hardness tester, which is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention, with a table, a tool holder with at least one indenter and at least one lens, optionally with an overview camera and a screen, wherein a sample holder can be positioned on the table in the x and y direction is and the table and / or the tool holder in the z-direction are relatively displaceable, according to the invention an electronic data storage with at least one virtual, three-dimensional model and at least one measurement method, and a control, which from predetermined x and y coordinates of a Measuring point based on the model determines the z-coordinates of the measuring point.
    One or more indenters, objectives, cameras and / or sensors can be arranged on the tool holder of the hardness tester. The tool holder may, for example, be designed as a tool turret in order to allow a quick change between the individual tools arranged thereon (one or more indenters and one or more objectives). Other tool holders, for example in the form of swivel bodies, can also be used.
    An overview camera can be arranged on the tool holder itself, in the region of the tool holder or else at any other suitable location of the hardness tester.
    The controller can execute all automatic and automated method steps, in particular computer-aided or computer-implemented. It consists for example of a computing unit with a matched to the process steps control software. Sensors disposed on the tool holder or other locations of the hardness testing device may communicate with the controller and convey information to the controller.
    Preferred and advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the remaining dependent claims.
    Further details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. It shows:
    1 is an isometric view of a hardness tester according to the invention, on which a sample holder with several samples is placed,
    2 shows a further embodiment of a sample holder with a single, rotationally symmetrical sample,
    3 shows a step of the method according to the invention, in which a virtual, three-dimensional model is provided,
    Fig. 4 shows a further step of the invention
    Procedure in which a point is marked on the model, and
    Fig. 5 still another step of the invention
    Method in which the position of the point is displayed on a magnified image and can be corrected.
    1 shows a hardness testing device 1 according to the invention with a table 2 which can be positioned in the x and y directions and a tool holder 3 which can be displaced in the z direction. A possible embodiment of a sample holder 4r with samples 5r is positioned on the table 2.
    The hardness tester 1 comprises a controller 6 with an electronic data memory for virtual, three-dimensional models 9 and a screen 7, e.g. a touch screen, up.
    For ease of operation, an electronic input means 8, such as a keyboard and / or a computer mouse, may be connected to the controller 6.
    On the tool holder 3, several tools, such as one or more indenters 11, one or more lenses 12 and optionally sensors are arranged. In the area of
    Tool holder 3 is also an overview image camera 15 is arranged.
    FIG. 2 shows by way of example a further embodiment of a sample holder 4r with a rotationally symmetrical sample 5r.
    FIG. 3 shows a method step in which an already selected and provided virtual sample holder 4v is equipped with a virtual sample 5v optionally selected from a list and thus provides a virtual, three-dimensional model 9 from the electronic data memory and on the Screen 7 is displayed.
    4 shows the representation of the virtual, three-dimensional sample 5v on the screen 7, which is shown superimposed on an overview image of the real sample 5r recorded by an overview camera 15. This makes it possible to control the selection of the virtual model 9 or the virtual sample 5v and the position of the real sample 5r on the table 2, which exactly match in the illustrated embodiment.
    FIG. 4 shows how, with the help of the electronic input means 8 and the computer program running in the control 6 of the hardness testing device 1, a measurement method (eg, row measurement) is selected from a list 14, and a point P on the representation of the sample 5v, 5r is marked. If necessary, of course, before or after even a indenter can be selected.
    After the tool holder 3 with an objective 12 has been automatically positioned above the point P of the real sample 5r, a detail image of the portion of the real sample 5r automatically acquired and enlarged by the objective 12 can be displayed on the screen 7, such as Fig. 5 shows. The position of the point P can then be corrected by means of computer-implemented tools and / or the electronic input means 8 in the x and y directions. For example, the computer-implemented tool may be a border edge detection program that automatically detects an edge and sets a distance to that edge.
    Depending on the selected measuring method, a measuring point 13 is defined at the position of the point P and / or one or more measuring points 13 are defined at positions spaced therefrom on the surface of the sample 5r. Each measuring point 13 is assigned by the control 6 x, y coordinates and, based on the known three-dimensional geometry of the model, the z coordinates in the hardness testing device 1, wherein the coordinates of each measuring point 13 are stored in the electronic data memory.
    Subsequently, the actual hardness test in a single measurement or a series of measurements, as known per se from the prior art, are performed, according to the invention - especially in series of measurements - but with respect to the path of the tool holder 3 optimized and guaranteed collision-free sequence is guaranteed.
    It should be noted that the individual method steps need not necessarily be carried out in the order given in the claims, unless the execution of a method step for functional reasons necessarily requires the prior execution of another method step.
    In summary, an embodiment of the invention can be described as follows:
    Method and device for setting one or more measuring points 13 on a sample 5r in a sample holder 4r for an automated hardness test in a hardness testing device 1, the hardness testing device 1 having a table 2, a tool holder 3 with at least one indenter 11 and at least one objective 12. The sample holder 4r with the sample 5r is positionable on the table 2 in the x and y directions, and the table 2 and / or the tool holder 3 of the hardness tester 1 is / are movable in the z direction relative to each other. A virtual, three-dimensional model 9 of the sample holder 4 v with a sample 5 v arranged thereon is selected from an electronic data storage and the model 9 and / or an overview image of the sample 5 v, 5 r is displayed on a screen 7. Then a point P is marked on the display on the screen 7 and one or more measuring points 13 are automatically defined on the basis of the selected measuring method, whereby each measuring point 13 is automatically identified by its x, y coordinates and the virtual model 9. Coordinate in the hardness tester 1 is assigned.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    Claims:
    A method of setting one or more measurement points (13) on at least one sample (5r) in a sample holder (4r) for automated hardness testing in a hardness tester (1), said hardness tester (1) comprising a table (2), a tool holder (3) with at least one indenter (11) and at least one lens (12), and optionally an overview camera (15) and a screen (7), wherein the sample holder (4r) on the table (2) in x and y Direction is positionable and wherein the table (2) and / or the tool holder (3) of the hardness tester (1) in the z-direction, relative to each other, are displaceable, characterized by the following steps: a) selecting and providing a virtual, three-dimensional Model (9) of the sample holder (4v) with at least one sample (5v) arranged thereon from an electronic data memory, b) positioning the sample holder (4r) equipped with the sample (5r) on the table (2), c) automat representing the model (9) and / or an overview image produced by the sample (5r) on the screen (7), d) assigning a measuring method, e) marking a point (P) on the representation of the model (9) and / or the overview image of the sample (5r) on the screen (7), f) automatically defining one or more measurement point (s) (13) by the measuring method, each measuring point (13) being automatically determined by the position of the point (P) and the assigned to the measuring method x and y coordinates and from the virtual model (9) z coordinates in the hardness testing device (1), and g) automatically storing the x, y and z coordinates of each measuring point (13) in one data storage.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring method is automatically assigned in step d).
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring method in step d) assigned manually, in particular selected from a stored in a data store measurement method list (14) is.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that step c) precedes a step cO), in which automatically an overview image of the sample (5r) by the overview image camera (15) or by assembling several through the lens (12) recorded frames is created.
    [5]
    5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that prior to step cO) the sample (5r), preferably automatically based on the model (9), under the overview image camera (15) or the lens (12) positioned on the tool holder (3) and the Sample (5r), preferably automatically based on the model (9), is focused.
    [6]
    6. The method of claim 4 or 5, characterized in that after step c), a step cl) follows, in which the virtual model (9) on the screen (7) is automatically superimposed on the overview image of the sample (5r).
    [7]
    7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that after step e) a step el) follows, in which automatically an enlarged, preferably focused on the z-coordinate, detail image of a portion of the sample (5r) with the point (P) is displayed on the screen (7).
    [8]
    8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that prior to step el) the lens (12), optionally after an automatic lens change, automatically over the point (P) is positioned.
    [9]
    9. Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that after step el) a step e2) follows, in which the position of the point (P) on the enlarged detail image of the section of the sample (5r) is manually and / or computer assisted and / or or automatically, for example, with a marginal edge detection program, in the x and / or y direction, is corrected.
    [10]
    10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the sample (5r) before step e) is rotated automatically and / or manually.
    [11]
    11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the steps c) to g) and optionally the rotation of the sample (5r) are repeated.
    [12]
    12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that stored measuring points (13) are linked manually and / or automatically to a measurement series.
    [13]
    13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that for performing the hardness test automatically by means of the indenter (11) one of the number of measuring points (13) corresponding number of impressions is generated.
    [14]
    14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that at least one impression generated by the indenter (11) is automatically and / or manually measured.
    [15]
    15. hardness tester (1), preferably for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 14, with a table (2), a tool holder (3) with at least one indenter (11) and at least one lens (12), optionally with a Overview image camera (15) and a screen (7), wherein a sample holder (4r) on the table (2) in the x- and y-direction can be positioned and the table (2) and / or the tool holder (3) in the z-direction relative relative to one another, characterized in that the hardness test device (1) has an electronic data memory with at least one virtual, three-dimensional model (9) and at least one measuring method, as well as a controller (6), which from predetermined x and y coordinates of a measuring point (13) determines the z-coordinate of the measuring point (13) on the basis of the model (9).
    [16]
    16. controller (6) for carrying out the automated method steps according to one of claims 1 to 14.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    US20180045629A1|2018-02-15|
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    法律状态:
    2020-09-15| HC| Change of the firm name or firm address|Owner name: ATM QNESS GMBH, AT Effective date: 20200805 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50734/2016A|AT518859B1|2016-08-12|2016-08-12|Method and device for hardness testing|ATA50734/2016A| AT518859B1|2016-08-12|2016-08-12|Method and device for hardness testing|
    EP17182031.9A| EP3285061A1|2016-08-12|2017-07-19|Method and device for hardness testing|
    US15/674,806| US10379019B2|2016-08-12|2017-08-11|Method and device for hardness testing|
    CN201710684858.8A| CN107727485A|2016-08-12|2017-08-11|Method and apparatus for hardness test|
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